In the context of the shipping industry emission reduction target set by the International Maritime Organization and based on the current situation of carbon reduction in the shipping industry, this paper introduces the development history and emission reduction advantages of hydrogen powered ships, analyzes the hydrogen storage methods of hydrogen powered ships at home and abroad and the safety risks of hydrogen energy onboard, and compares the technical advantages and onboard feasibility of various Marine hydrogen storage methods. It is concluded that the hydrogen production technology of shipboard methanol steam reforming is of great significance to solve the hydrogen safety problem of hydrogen?powered ships. At last, the problems faced in developing hydrogen?powered ships with shipboard hydrogen production units are put forward.